Argonne National Laboratory's Vetted Biofuel Efficiency Study

 A former electrical engineer at Bechtel Power Corporation, Dianoush Emami has worked throughout the state of California for more than 35 years. During this period, he has established himself as a professional in high-voltage transmission and substation design. Dianoush Emami has also worked on projects in the nuclear power and biofuel sectors.

In November 2022, the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory collaborated with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and the Idaho National Laboratory to conduct research that can help match promising biofuels with compatible engine types. The consortium builds on the rationale that advanced engine designs can improve biofuel efficiency while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions.

The studies, published in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, outline the prospects of biofuel as a climate-friendly alternative energy source. Biofuels are produced from animal fats and oil extracted from plants, which are renewable, in contrast to petroleum. The researchers found that pairing compatible biofuels with advanced, optimally designed engines can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 60 percent, mitigating climate hazards. They also found that optimized engines can go farther on equal amounts of fuel compared to conventional engines.

IEDs and Substation Automation

 An experienced electrical safety professional, Dianoush Emami graduated with a BS in electrical engineering from the University of Southern California. Drawing on a career spanning three decades, Dianoush has also designed and implemented high-voltage systems for use in power generation and electrical substation facilities.

Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) are built using microprocessor technology. In substations, IEDs serve as an integral component of the substation automation system. They essentially collect data on the state of different substation devices, process and interpret the data, and trigger autonomous control commands in a fraction of a second if an abnormal situation is identified. The control command can sometimes remedy the fault completely.

IEDs can also transfer information via multiple communication modes. Local operators and remote personnel can access this information for troubleshooting. In most substations, a special system called the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system centralizes communication from various IEDs, streamlining substation supervision.

Understanding High Voltage Transmissions and their Safety Precautions

 Dianoush Emami is an accomplished California-based electrical engineer, who draws upon more than three decades of experience. An alumnus of University of Southern California, Dianoush Emami has worked extensively as a high voltage engineer in electrical distribution and transmission.

High voltage electricity is utilized for multiple uses, including power generation to managing industrial plants. Transmission and distribution lines operate on significantly higher voltages compared to homes and businesses, as they carry huge amounts of power. Due to the massive amount of electrical energy involved, high voltage electrical sites should be installed far away from people and properties. To ensure any potential safety hazards have been addressed, high voltage electricity is often regulated and managed under close supervision. This allows for power levels to be maintained within industry-approved levels.

For high-voltage installation sites to remain safe, adequate insulation to maintain voltage levels and physical isolation measures should be implemented to prevent accidents. Installations are required to comply with the National Electrical Code and other applicable local codes. For insulation, regular testing should be done, as insulation degenerates when exposed to very high temperatures and chemical agents. A megohmmeter is an insulation tester device used to measure high resistance values, by transmitting a high voltage signal to an object being tested, in order to determine an insulation’s performance.

A Brief Look at Substation Automation Systems

 An electrical engineering alumnus of the University of Southern California, Dianoush Emami is an accomplished electrical engineer who worked at Bechtel Power Corporation for six years. Dianoush Emami has also implemented high-voltage systems in power generation facilities and electrical substations.

A substation automation system is a series of hardware and software components that help monitor and control electrical systems at electrical substations. With a substation automation system, electrical engineers no longer need to perform many tedious and repetitive tasks on-site at substations. These tasks are handled by complex algorithms embedded in substation automation systems' components. Some of these tasks are traditionally error-prone. Algorithms eradicate human errors.

Substation automation systems minimize electric system faults and downtime, expedite critical troubleshooting, optimize productivity, and boost revenue for electrical companies. These systems also streamline the analysis of hazards by recording and transferring data to locations where the data can be analyzed to determine the causes and patterns of component failures. With this information, engineers can take the necessary actions to prevent component faults and failures from happening again.

Many components of modern substation automation systems are microprocessor-based intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). Supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA) helps monitor multiple IEDs.

A Brief Overview of Nuclear Power Generation in the United States

 

A former electrical engineer at Bechtel Power Corporation, Dianoush Emami is a longtime Santa Ana, California resident with a leadership background in the safety, quality, and engineering sectors. Dianoush Emami has overseen numerous projects, including conventional, biofuel, and nuclear power plants.

Nuclear power plants offer alternative energy sources that use the heat liberated via the decay (splitting) of radioactive atoms (uranium) to generate electricity. The erosion of radioactive particles occurs in the nuclear reactor, and some plants have more than one reactor. The heat generated from the atoms boils water and creates steam, turning turbines to generate electricity in virtually the same manner as other power plants.

The United States has the most significant number of nuclear power plants worldwide. As of 2021, the United States Energy Information Administration recognized 55 nuclear power plants across 28 states. Nuclear power historically constitutes 20 percent of the total electrical power generation in the country.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Ungrounded Systems

 Dianoush Emami obtained his degree in electrical engineering from the University of Southern California. His over 40 years of experience as an electrical engineer has earned him numerous publications and awards, including the IEEE PES Award for the best technical report in 1995. Dianoush Emami is an expert at designing and implementing safe electrical projects that cover high voltage transmissions and electrical grounding systems.

Though generally considered unsafe, ungrounded systems still exist. Ungrounded systems are electrical systems not connected to the ground. However, they use capacitances to connect conductors to the ground, so in a way, they share a connection to the ground. Still, electrical engineers disregard this connection as it plays little role in the system’s function.

Ungrounded systems are advantageous because they do not cause the system to harm itself because of the low current of ground faults. This means that the system can function uninterrupted. Also, there are cheaper as they do not require additional costs for grounding. Additionally, engineers can specially design them to minimize the risk of shock to people.

Ungrounded systems also have disadvantages. One is that it allows excess voltage accumulation as the capacitive current will flow during a fault. The system is also susceptible to transient currents caused by lightning. Furthermore, it is difficult to trace the exact location of a fault in this system, and unresolved faults in one phase may affect other phases.

Alternative Energy vs. Renewable Energy

 An alumnus of the University of Southern California, Dianoush Emami is an electrical electrician with nearly four decades of experience in electrical high-voltage transmission, distribution, substation design, and engineering. Dianoush Emami formerly served six years at Bechtel Power Corporation and guided several related projects in the biofuel and alternative energy sectors.

Alternative energy has become a highly sought-after energy source as it promises to mitigate the environmental hazards of fossil fuel use. Alternative energy is an umbrella term for sources of electricity that emit very little or zero greenhouse gas emissions. Examples of alternative energy sources are solar, wind, nuclear, biomass, and hydroelectric power. Coal, oil, and natural gas are not alternative energy sources since they pollute the air with carbon dioxide (a greenhouse gas), which contributes to climate change.

Renewable energy overlaps with alternative energy, but the two terms are distinct. Renewable energy is electricity generated from an infinite source, such as solar and wind. Moreover, the alternative sources do not deplete. Nuclear energy is an alternative energy but is not renewable because it uses finite materials - radioactive atoms.